Ивана Кузмановић-Нововић
др историчар уметности, Факултет примењених уметности, Београд
АНТИЧКА ГЛИПТИКА У ПРСТЕЊУ ИЗ КОЛЕКЦИЈЕ НАКИТА МУЗЕЈА ПРИМЕЊЕНE УМЕТНОСТИ
ANTIQUE GLYPTICS IN THE RINGS FROM THE MUSEUM OF APPLIED ART JEWELLERY COLLECTION
Зборник 2/2006 (Музеј примењене уметности), страна 7-19
УДК:
069. 51 : 736.2
Апстракт:
Одсек за метал са колекцијом накита Музеја примењене уметности чува десет прстенова са уметнутим античким гемама и један са камејом. Три прстена потичу из римског периода, а остали су из средњег и новог века.
Тематика ових гема обухвата митолошке личности – божанства (Јупитер, Аполон, Рома, Серапис), кентаура, Медузу, синкретистичка божанства (Изида/Фортуна-Викторија, Аполон-Дионис) и мушки портрет.
Прстење је набављено путем откупа па је и њихова провенијенција непозната (изузетак су три прстена из Новог Брда и околине). Стилска анализа мотива на гемама показује да оне припадају периоду од II до IV века.
Геме у прстењу из ове колекције рађене су у карнеолу и јаспису, док је камеја од белог опала. Квалитет урезивања представе показује јасан и прецизан рад искусног мајстора, потеклог из неке од глиптичких радионица већих центара.
Кључне речи:
глиптика, гема, камеја, антика, митологија, полудраги камен, занатска уметност
Summary:
The Metal and Jewellery Department of the Museum of Applied Art keeps ten rings with embedded antiquity intaglios and one with a cameo. Three rings date back from the Roman period and the others are from the Middle Ages and the Modern Age.
Antiquity intaglios have a long life for they are preserved through inheritance, but also embedded in the post-antiquity rings thus acquiring a secondary role. The motifs of these intaglios are mythological personalities deities (Jupiter, Apollo, Roma, Serapis), centaurs, Medusa, syncretistic deities (Isis/Fortuna-Victoria, Apollo-Dyonisus), genre-scene with the representation of shepherd and a portrait of a male.
The rings were obtained by purchasing and their provenance is therefore unknown (with the exception of the three rings from Novo Brdo and its surroundings). Stylistic analysis of the intaglio motifs showed that they belong to the period between the 2nd and 4th centuries.
The intaglios in the rings of this Collection were made in the most sought-after semiprecious stones of the Antiquity – in the carnelian and jasper, while the cameo was made from white opal. Their beauty derives not only from the material in which they were made but also in the quality of the engraved image which shows a clear and precise work of an experienced master, originated from one of the leading glyptic workshops. The craftsmen and tradesmen came mostly from the East and, from time to time, they settled in this region. On the other hand, they had wealthy clientele in Novo Brdo, a great and rich Middle Ages centre, ordering precious rings with the highest quality antiquity intaglios. These rings were made as an expression of budding interest for the Antiquity which, influenced by the Italian Renaissance, appeared in our region, but also as a possible expression of reconciliation with Christian ideas in the second half of the 14th and throughout the 15th centuries.
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