СТЕВАН МАРТИНОВИЋ
историчар уметности, Музеј примењене уметности, Београд
ТРОН ЗА ЧУДОТВОРНУ ИКОНУ БОГОРОДИЦЕ ОДИГИТРИЈЕ У БОГОРОДИЧИНОЈ ЦРКВИ У ПЕЋКОЈ ПАТРИЈАРШИЈИ
THE THRONE FOR THE MIRACULOUS ICON OF VIRGIN HODEGETRIA IN THE CHURCH OF HOLY VIRGIN IN THE PATRIARCHATE OF PEĆ
Зборник 9/2013 (Музеј примењене уметности), страна 71-81
УДК:
726.54(497.115)
ИД 203975692
Апстракт:
У раду се по први пут свеобухватно посматра иконографија трона у контексту његових функционалних значења. Формална сличност са архијерејским престолом и улога проскинитара, обједињене у називу „Богородичин трон“, представљају окосницу разматрања. Најпре засебном, а потом и компаративном анализом оваквих престола, покушали смо да представимо генезу трона и да утврдимо о којој врсти црквеног мобилијара се у овом случају ради.
Кључне речи:
архијерејски трон, Богородичин трон, дуборез, иконографија, проскинитар, трон, црквени мобилијар
Summary:
In the middle of the 19th century, the monks of the Monastery of The Patriarchate of Peć commissioned a throne for the miraculous icon of Virgin Hodegetria. It was made by Dmitar Stanišev, a woodcarver from the village of Tresonča near Debar, and later, in 1863, it was depicted and decorated by masters Konstantin and Ignatije from Veles. During the conservation treatment of this object, there appeared certain portions that were hidden by a piece of board, which was an addition of a later date. This newly-revealed segment was decorated in the painterly fashion and it corresponds to the appropriate function of the throne as Proskynetarion. Visually, constructively and iconographically, this throne matches the episcopal thrones of the Debar school of arts and crafts. At first, various scholars stated that this was at Episcopal throne, either giving only descriptions of it or only counting it among the monuments belogning to a specific time frame. Nevertheless, when compared to the iconographic characteristics of the Throne of Peć, one comes to the same conclusion. The Christological, i.e. arhieiron program, is present in all the elements of this throne. Lions and steps appearing on its base are the first, conspicuous, features of an episcopal throne. Eagles, snakes, or Evangelists in the upper zones are also signs that add to the recognition of an episcopal throne. The scene of the Mission of the Apostles, which indubitably points to the Christ the Archpriest who is sending his disciples to spread the God's word, is the ultimate feature that directs toward the stated conclusion. However, the very inscription designates this throne as the Virgin's. Even with the lack of such an inscription, it is clear that the throne of Peć is not of the arhieiron type, since it has neither seat nor the icon of Christ the Archpriest above it. It preserves the miraculous icon of Virgin Hodegetria to be bowed to, so the role of proskynetarion is clearly defined by the relic, that is, by its designated function.
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